Functions of the Estimates Committee
The Estimates Committee is a vital parliamentary committee in India, constituted to examine the budget estimates presented by the government and suggest ways to improve the efficiency of government expenditure.
1. Examination of Estimates
The primary function is to scrutinize the detailed budget estimates of various ministries and departments. The committee evaluates whether the funds are being properly allocated and utilized economically and efficiently.
2. Suggesting Economies
It recommends measures to reduce unnecessary expenditure and improve cost-effectiveness. The committee seeks to ensure that public money is spent prudently without wastage.
3. Suggesting Re-appropriations
The committee suggests possible re-appropriations within the budget to optimize resource allocation.
4. Examining Policy Matters
Besides financial scrutiny, it also assesses policies underlying the estimates to ensure that the allocation aligns with the government’s priorities.
5. Promoting Efficiency and Reform
The committee recommends improvements in administrative efficiency and reform in financial procedures.
6. Ensuring Accountability
Through its reports, the Estimates Committee holds the government accountable for public expenditure.
Limitations of the Estimates Committee
1. Advisory Role Only
The committee’s recommendations are not binding on the government. It can only suggest, but the government may choose to accept or reject its advice.
2. No Authority to Enforce
Unlike judicial bodies, the committee lacks the power to enforce its recommendations or penalize inefficiency.
3. Limited Scope
It focuses mainly on budget estimates, not on actual expenditures or financial irregularities—that role is primarily of the Public Accounts Committee.
4. Dependence on Data Provided by Government
The committee relies heavily on information furnished by government departments, which may sometimes be incomplete or biased.
5. Time Constraints
Parliamentary and committee sessions are limited in duration, which may restrict the committee’s ability to thoroughly examine all estimates.
Differences between Public Accounts Committee (PAC) and Estimates Committee
| Aspect | Estimates Committee | Public Accounts Committee (PAC) |
|---|---|---|
| Function | Examines budget estimates and suggests economies. | Examines actual government expenditure after accounts are audited. |
| Scope of Work | Focuses on proposed expenditures before they are incurred. | Focuses on expenditures already made and audited by the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG). |
Conclusion
The Estimates Committee plays a crucial role in scrutinizing government budget proposals, promoting efficient use of public funds, and suggesting improvements. However, its advisory nature and limited enforcement power constrain its effectiveness. In contrast, the PAC works post-expenditure, ensuring accountability through audit reports. Together, these committees strengthen parliamentary oversight of public finances in India.
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