Matrilineal societies are those in which lineage, inheritance, and descent are traced through the mother rather than the father. In North East India, several communities practice matriliny, where women hold significant social, economic, and familial power. The most prominent matrilineal groups in the region are the Khasis, Garos, and Mizos.
1. Khasis (Meghalaya):
The Khasis, one of the major indigenous tribes of Meghalaya, follow a matrilineal system where children inherit their mother's surname, property, and family name. The youngest daughter, known as the "khadduh," inherits the family’s wealth, including land and other assets. This practice is intended to keep property within the maternal line. The mother is also the head of the family, and lineage is traced through her side. Though men have leadership roles in certain aspects, especially in traditional village councils, women wield considerable authority in household matters.
2. Garos (Meghalaya):
The Garos, another tribe in Meghalaya, also follow a matrilineal system but with a slightly different structure. In Garo society, inheritance of property, such as land and wealth, is passed through the maternal side. The youngest daughter is the key inheritor, and women play important roles in domestic and community life. However, unlike the Khasis, men hold leadership positions in village governance, with the title of "Nokma" being the head of the village.
3. Mizos (Mizoram):
The Mizos traditionally practiced a form of matriliny, though it is less pronounced compared to the Khasis and Garos. In Mizoram, the practice of inheritance and lineage was traditionally traced through the mother, and women held significant control over household wealth. However, with the influences of modernization and Christianity, the practice of matriliny has weakened over time.
Conclusion:
Matrilineal groups in North East India reflect a unique societal structure where women play a pivotal role in the social, cultural, and economic spheres. Though modernization and changing societal norms have impacted these traditions, matrilineal practices continue to thrive in certain areas, shaping the region's distinct identity.
Subscribe on YouTube - NotesWorld
For PDF copy of Solved Assignment
Any University Assignment Solution
.webp)
