Advanced Investigation Technique
Advanced investigation techniques are used to analyze complex incidents to uncover the root causes and contributing factors. These techniques go beyond basic investigation methods and provide deeper insights into incidents. Key techniques include:
- Root Cause Analysis (RCA): RCA is a structured method that identifies the underlying reasons for an incident, rather than just addressing the symptoms. This technique involves asking “why” multiple times until the primary cause is determined. It helps organizations implement targeted solutions to prevent future occurrences.
- 5 Whys Technique: This simple yet effective tool involves repeatedly asking “why” until the root cause is found. Each answer forms the basis of the next question. This method is best for less complex incidents but can be part of a larger investigative process.
- Fishbone Diagram (Ishikawa): The fishbone diagram is a visual representation used to identify and organize possible causes of a problem. Factors such as manpower, materials, machinery, methods, and environment are examined to pinpoint potential root causes.
- Event and Causal Factor Charting: This technique creates a visual timeline of the events leading up to an incident. By mapping out each event and its contributing factors, investigators can see how different elements interconnect and lead to the final outcome.
- Barrier Analysis: This method examines the barriers or safeguards in place at the time of the incident and identifies which ones failed and why. Barrier analysis helps determine if controls were effective or need improvement.
- Change Analysis: This technique looks for changes that occurred before the incident. By comparing what was expected versus what actually happened, investigators can identify deviations that may have contributed to the incident.
Advanced investigation techniques enable organizations to look beyond surface-level issues and develop comprehensive corrective actions to enhance safety practices.
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